A Level Computer Science OCR Practice Exam

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What does semantic analysis focus on in programming?

The performance efficiency of the code
The visual layout of the program
The meaning of different instructions
The syntax rules of the programming language

The correct answer is: The meaning of different instructions

Semantic analysis is a crucial phase in the process of compiling a program, and it primarily focuses on understanding the meaning behind the various instructions in the code. During this phase, the compiler checks that the program's statements are meaningful and that operations are being performed on compatible data types. For instance, it ensures that variables are declared before use, functions are called with the correct number and types of arguments, and that the overall logic of the program aligns with the intended functionality. By focusing on the meaning of instructions, semantic analysis plays an essential role in detecting logical errors that may not be evident through syntax checking alone. This ensures that the program can run as intended and maintains the relationships and integrity of the data it manipulates.