A Level Computer Science OCR Practice Exam

Which type of architecture features a single control unit managing program flow in a linear sequence?

1. Harvard Architecture

2. Von Neumann Architecture

3. Quantum Architecture

4. Distributed Architecture

The correct answer is: Von Neumann Architecture

The Von Neumann Architecture features a single control unit that manages program flow in a linear sequence. This architecture is characterized by a single memory space that stores both data and instructions, allowing the control unit to sequentially fetch, decode, and execute instructions one at a time. This linear processing model simplifies the control logic, as the system operates through a step-by-step procedure where the control unit directs the flow of data and operations primarily through a series of addresses in memory. In contrast, other architectures like Harvard Architecture employ separate memory spaces for instructions and data, allowing for simultaneous processing but not following a strictly linear flow. Quantum Architecture embraces principles of quantum mechanics in computing, often dealing with superposition and entanglement rather than a linear control flow. Distributed Architecture involves multiple independent systems working together, which does not align with the concept of a single control unit guiding a linear sequence of operations. These distinctions reinforce why the Von Neumann Architecture is correctly identified with its structure relying on a single managing control unit.